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  The latest IPCC report reveals significant changes in Earth's climate observed globally, with many unprecedented changes that may be irreversible over hundreds to thousands of years. The report underscores the potential of strong and sustained reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change. According to IPCC Working Group I Report, Warming Trends Immediate and large-scale reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are crucial to avoid surpassing global warming levels of 1.5°C or 2°C, as indicated by new estimates in the report. Human activities have caused approximately 1.1°C of warming since 1850-1900, and global temperatures are expected to exceed 1.5°C within the next 20 years. Regional Impacts Climate change is affecting every region globally, with impacts varying based on local conditions. Warming over land exceeds the global average, especially in the Arctic, and changes will escalate with additional warming. The report projects increase...

  In the pursuit of achieving a net-zero carbon future, the International Energy Agency (IEA) has laid out ambitious targets, with a particular focus on Direct Air Capture with Carbon Storage (DACCS) aiming to capture almost 60 Mt CO2/yr by 2030. This article delves into the landscape of Engineered Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) technologies, their potential, and the challenges they face. The Engineered CDR Landscape Engineered CDR technologies, although promising, are still in their early stages of development. The IEA's net-zero scenario emphasizes the urgency of investing in these technologies to ensure their scalability and timely deployment. Carbon Removal Technologies Carbon removal methods can be broadly classified into Natural Climate Solutions (NCS) and Engineered CDR. Engineered CDR solutions, crucial for achieving the desired targets, encompass Biochar Carbon Removal (BCR), Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW), and DACCS. 1. Bio...